Annotation

The results of the research, conducted in 2019–2020 in the Education-Research Center of LNAU, showed that the main diseases of wheat plants were stem and root rots, in particular Fusarium and Cercospore and also powdery mildew, Septoria spot, Drechslera sorokiniana (dark brown spot), Pyrenophora spot, brown and yellow leaf rust, Fusarium head blight. Among the wheat pests, the most spread were aphids, cereal flies, cereal trips and in the earing phase grain beetles, in particularly Anisoplia austriaca.

The presowing seeds treatment with biopreparations Phythohelp, s., Micohelp, sl., Viridin, sl. and application of biopreparation Phythohelp, s. or Micohelp, sl. together with biopreparation Bithoksybicylin, s. on winter wheat plants in phase BBCH-29 and biostimulant Agrinos B, s. and use in phase BBCH-39 of biopreparation Biocomplex BTUcereal, s. and biopreparation Viridin, ls. in phase BBCH-59 effectively restricted development of plant damage. In the experiment variants with biopreparations, higher rates of harvest structure were obtained as compared to control, in particularly, more spikelets and grain in ear, weight grain of one ear. Indicators of weight of 1000 seeds in variants with the biopreparations were 6.7–4.4 g higher as compared to the control that provided yield by 10.6 c /ha higher than in the control variant.

To save the yield potential of winter wheat varieties, in the alternative technologies of grain production it is proposed to use a system of biological control for harmful organisms, which includes presowing seeds treatment with biopreparation Micohelp, sl., (Trichoderma spp., Bacillus subtillis, Azotobacter spp., Enterococcus spp., Enterobacter spp.) in rate 3.0 l/t and spraying plants in the end of tillering phase (BBCH-29) with the biofungicide preparation Micohelp, sl. in rate 1.2 l/ha together with bioinsecticide Bithoksybicylin, s. (Bacillus thuringiensis var. thuringiensis and product of their metabolism) at rate 3.0 l/ha and biostimulant Agrinos B, s. at rate 1.0 l/ha and use in the phase of flag leaf (BBCH-39), with the biopreparation Biocomplex BTUcereal, s. (soil and phytopathogenic bacterial complex and biological activity substances, micro- and macro- elements) at rate 1.0 l/ha and in the flowering phase (BBCH 59) with biopreparation Viridin, ls (Trichoderma viride (lignorum)) in rate 2.0 l/ha.