EFFECT OF BORON FOLIAR APPLICATION ON ONION YIELD

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Visnyk LNAU: Agronomy 2021 №25: 89-95

EFFECT OF BORON FOLIAR APPLICATION ON ONION YIELD

R. Rosa, PhD, D. Sc.
ORCID ID: 0000-0001-6344-538X
J. Franczuk, PhD, D. Sc.
ORCID ID: 0000-0002-8440-850X
А. Zaniewicz-Bajkowska, PhD, D. Sc., Prof. Tit. 1
ORCID ID: 0000-0002-0317-8571
D. Słonecka, M. Sc.
ORCID ID:0000-0002-8696-2774
L. Hajko, M. Sc.
ORCID ID: 0000-0001-5293-8402
K. Remiszewski, M. Sc.
ORCID ID: 0000-0003-4294-3659
Siedlce University of Natural Sciences and Humanities, Poland
O. Dydiv, Cand. Sc.
ORCID ID: 0000-0003-4155-5945
Lviv National Agrarian University, Ukraine

https://doi.org/10.31734/agronomy2021.01.089

Annotation

A member of the Alliaceae family, onion (Allium cepa L.) is one of the most important and popular vegetable and spice crops grown worldwide. Boron is one of the most important micronutrients necessary for cell division, nitrogen and carbohydrate metabolism and water balance in plants. A sufficient supply of boron, especially to soils poor in this element, can be beneficial for plants growth and the yield. Boron deficiency causes many anatomical, physiological and biological disorders in plants. Its shortage can, among others, stop cell division and, consequently, inhibit root elongation. This affects the growth of onion, the root system of which is very shallow and poorly developed so this plant needs an adequate water supply. Large deficiencies of boron cause that the tip of the roots may even wither away and die. The field experiment was carried out in east-central Poland, 85 km east of Warsaw, on Luvisol soil. The purpose of the research was to study the effect of foliar application of different doses of boron on the yield of onion and its dry matter and sugar content. Boron was applied one, two or three times in 2.2, 4.5 and 6.7 g ha-1 doses at the onion development stages of BBCH 16, BBCH 17 and BBCH 41–45. The use of boron affected the onion yield. The effect was particularly visible in 2019, which was characterized by worse humidity conditions than 2020. The highest yield was recorded when boron was applied three times, at a total dose of 6.7 g ha-1. The marketable onion yield in that plot was 72.5 t ha-1, and was significantly higher than in control or after a single boron application. As the dose increased, the share of the marketable onion yield to the total yield increased proportionally, but dry matter content decreased. On the other hand, foliar boron treatment did not change total sugar content. Foliar treatment of onion with calcium nitrate containing boron contributed to an increase in the yield. Foliar feeding of onion with boron did not alter the total sugar content of plants.

Key words

Allium cepa L., boron, dry matter, foliar fertilization, yielding, total sugars

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