INFLUENCE OF THE TIME OF RESTORATION OF SPRING VEGETATION AND TERMS OF SOWING ON WINTER YIELD IN THE CONDITIONS OF THE WESTERN FOREST-STEPPE

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Visnyk LNAU: Agronomy 2021 №25: 66-70

INFLUENCE OF THE TIME OF RESTORATION OF SPRING VEGETATION AND TERMS OF SOWING ON WINTER YIELD IN THE CONDITIONS OF THE WESTERN FOREST-STEPPE

Yashchuk T., Candidate of Agricultural Sciences
ORCID ID: 0000-0002-5613-7925
Samets N., Research Officer
ORCID ID: 0000-0002-2449-6552
Hrytsevych Y., Research Assistant
ORCID ID: 0000-0003-4762-3267
Olekshii L., Research Assistant
ORCID ID: 0000-0001-8090-3469
Ternopil State Agricultural Research Station of the NAAS

https://doi.org/10.31734/agronomy2021.01.066

Annotation

The article considers the aspects of influence of the ecological factor of the time of spring vegetation recovery (TSVR) on the indicators of winter wheat grain yield. It is established that in the conditions of the western Forest-Steppe of Ukraine the influence of this factor is significant, because the final productivity of winter wheat is formed not by the initial conditions at the beginning of vegetation (nature and quality of solar radiation), but by the vegetation duration from its recovery to earing. So, a longer growing season contributes to a fuller use of the elements of root and atmospheric nutrition by winter wheat. As a result of the analysis of the obtained data, a certain dependence of winter wheat yield on TSVR was revealed. It is established that it is not the same for different sowing dates, which is quantitatively reflected by the curvilinear dependence in the calculated regression equations. This conditionality is described by a polynomial (parabola) of the second degree. With an average date of TSVR for the years of the research (1982–2020) on March 17, for plots sown early (5–15 September), the dependence was lower and the correlation ratio was 0.18–0.23. When shifting crops towards late dates, the dependence of winter wheat yield on TSVR becomes more noticeable. The correlation ratio of the curvilinear bond increases from 0.27 for sowing on October 5 to 0.56 for sowing on October 25. The highest productivity at sowing on October 5 was observed at TSVR from March 1 to 18, respectively, at sowing on October 15 and 25, TSVR, from February 27 to March 17 and from February 25 to March 14. For these last two terms, a significant decrease in the yield (30–40 % and more) was observed during the late TSVR. Thus, when sowing on October 25, the estimated yield at very early TSVR – February 24 is 5.99 t/ha, at average (10 and 24 March) decreases from 5.98 to 4.91 t / ha, and at late TSVR – 10 April is only up to 2.23 t/ha.

Key words

weather conditions, winter wheat, sowing terms, time of spring vegetation recovery

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