THE ROLE OF WATER COMPOSITIONS IN STRYISKYI PARK OF LVIV

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Visnyk LNAU: Architecture and Farm Building 2016 №17: 138-142

THE ROLE OF WATER COMPOSITIONS IN STRYISKYI PARK OF LVIV

O. Voloshenko, Senior lecturer
Lviv National Agrarian University

https://doi.org/10.31734/architecture2016.17.138

Annotation

One of the important elements of landscape art is ornamental water. They attract attention because of their brightness, deep blue, iridescent multicolored display of waterside plantations. Reservoirs improve microclimate, conduct the development of vegetation, especially in the surrounding areas.

Water has always had a strange attractive force, played an important role in the large parks from the beginning of their history. In the first European parks water was the only decorative element.

Today the Ukrainian cities are rich in objects of public entertainment which landscapes are formed involving water. Among these cities Lviv occupies a special significant place with its charming parks. The city has a very rich tradition of urban landscape culture. Citizens' mass celebrations were widely spread at the beginning of the nineteenth century. The favourite walking places were considered Hetman ramparts (now Liberty Avenue ), Park ″Pogulyanka″ (in the Lychakiv area) Gardens and parks in the Pans'ka Street (now Ivana Franko str.), Stryiskyi park etc. Stryiskyi park with the area about 60 hectares is one of the oldest and most beautiful parks in the city, and is a monument of landscape art of national importance.

Learning and examination of landscape art cultural traditions can provide many materials to restore magic Lviv parks, because the attendance and interest in their aesthetic view is constantly increasing and increasing.

Water compositions have considerable influence on shaping the park landscape, especially they serve for various forms of recreation. In Stryiskyi park the water compositions are skillfully used which provide landscape with great expressiveness and inexhaustible "artistic palette". At the entrance to the park, right at the end of the pit begins waterside area of the lake , which water surface fits well in the valley, and greenery and park silence. Naturalness, typical to the landscape art, is created by steep coast, going down to the water. They form a true picture of a picturesque lake, which owners are swans. In particular, watersides are well-decorated and planted with greenery. On the southwest sidewater the long branches of weeping willow are lowered into the water, and weeping gray alder leaned over stretches of water. These trees are included in the picture to focus on the most beautiful pieces of landscape. The tracery metal fence completes the lake landscape complex Behind it there is a lakeside walkway with benches. Here you can relax and there opens a wonderful view not only on the pond , but also at the lower spatial pit adjacent to it.

Over the water the path becomes wider and goes into the playground, where is a stream. Difference of water flows that are created by the construction of a series of small stone dams, enrich and enliven the landscape around the stream. The movement of water is accompanied by the ringing sound of drops and a gentle rustling. Picturesque creek is completed by various sculptures, stone steps, a small bridge made of stone and framed in solid beech stands of forest types.

In the lower part of the park to the left of the entrance of Park Street , under the hillside the spring is flowing. The current spring decoration was created in 1950 by the Group of students of Lviv Institute of Applied and Decorative Arts. In the center of the composition - a decorative relief , which is a classic scene of struggle of good against evil - a fight episode of Nikita the Tanner with winged serpent, and from the mouth of the monster water is flowing. There is a plate with the inscription " To Arnold Rering - a founder of Lviv parks'' on the left on the wall.

Stryiskyi park's originality is provided with water compositions such as water , cascades, fountain or other water placement, which improve the microclimate, solving engineering and fire protection tasks, and are important elements of local art landscapes. Watering the park territory is an urgent task of reconstruction of the park, and this requires a thorough study of the park history, which will help to determine decisive features for water compositions.

Key words

Stryiskyj park, landscape art, ornamental water, water composition

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