Fungal diseases of soybean in conditions of Educational-Research Center of Lviv National Agrarian University

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Visnyk LNAU: Agronomy 2019 №23: 170-172

Fungal diseases of soybean in conditions of Educational-Research Center of Lviv National Agrarian University

Holiachuk Yu., Candidate of Agricultural Sciences
ORCID ID: 0000-0002-2890-164X
Kosylovych H., Candidate of Agricultural Sciences
ORCID ID: 0000-0001-5908-3312
Lviv National Agrarian University

https://doi.org/10.31734/agronomy2019.01.170

Annotation

The changes in crops structure is observed in Ukraine during last years. The soybean is one of the crops that takes up more and more squares step by step. This leguminous crop can accumulate a big protein mass during short time of its vegetation period. The soybean protein is balanced by aminoacids content. Now soybean is recognized as a strategic crop in the world. The increasing of sowing area of any crop including soybean leads to changes in phytosanitary status of fields. The cause of this situation is accumulation of causal organisms of diseases that storage on plant debris in soil. The researches were carried out in Educational-Research Center of Lviv National Agrarian University in 2017–2018. The structure of diseases of soybean and their development are detected. The dominant diseases in soybean crop were fungal diseases – 90,6 %. Bacterial and viral diseases were detected also – 2,8 % and 1,2 %, respectively. Among fungal diseases the main were Septoria leaf spot, Ascochyta leaf spot, Alternaria leaf spot, Cercospora leaf spot, downy mildew, anthracnose, white mold (Sclerotinia rot), Fusarium wilt. In the diseases structure the biggest part was for downy mildew – 6,5 % and Septoria spot – 5,5 %. The least part was for Ascochyta spot, Fusarium wilt, anthracnose and Cercospora spot – 3,7–4,0 %. On the first stages of soybean development only single symptoms of downy mildew was detected. The more favorable conditions for diseases development were in growing season of 2018 in comparison 2017. Thus development of the main diseases on soybean in 2017 was in range from 2,9 % to 5,8 %. In 2018 this index was in range 4,1–7,2 %. The highest level of disease development in both years was for downy mildew – 5,8 % in 2017, 7,2 % in 2018 and for Septoria spot – 4,3 % and 6,6 %, respectively. The least indexes of disease development in 2017 were detected for Ascochyta spot and in 2018 – for Fusarium wilt and anthracnose. It is necessary further monitoring carry out for detecting of changes in soybean diseases structure and indexes of their development.

Key words

soybean, disease, mycosis, disease structure, part of disease, disease development

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