Yield and quality of grain of winter wheat of Kubus variety depending on fertilizers rates

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Visnyk LNAU: Agronomy 2019 №23: 49-52

Yield and quality of grain of winter wheat of Kubus variety depending on fertilizers rates

Lykhochvor V., Doctor of Agricultural Sciences
ORCID ID: 0000-0003-0377-6157
Lviv National Agrarian University

https://doi.org/10.31734/agronomy2019.01.049

Annotation

In order to optimize the rates of the mineral fertilizers application in the 2016–2018 years, field research has been conducted on the research field of the Lviv National Agrarian University on dark grey soil. The results of the study of the influence of the of mineral fertilizers rates on the yield and quality of winter wheat of the Kubus variety in the conditions of the Western Forest-Steppe of Ukraine are presented. Five rates of fertilizers were studied: N40Р20К30; N80Р40К60; N120P60K90; N160R80K120; N200Р80К150. It was established that the increase of the of fertilizers background from N40P20K30 to N80(40+40)P40K60 with double application of nitrogen by 40 kg/ha early in the spring and at the beginning of the tube formation, it provided the yield increase to 56,3 c/ha, which is 33,1 % higher than on the control. On the variant of N120(40+40+40)P60K90 with three times application of N40 in early spring + the beginning of the tube formation + earing yields increased to 68,7 c/ha, which is more by 37,8 c/ha compared with the first variant and by 12,4 – in comparison with the second.

In the variant with the application of P80K120N160(40+80+40), that is, with the increase rate of nitrogen for the second feeding, the yield increased compared with the previous third variant by 11,4 centners per hectare (16,6 %), with respect to the first variant, the increase increased to 37,8 centners per hectare. With the increase of fertilizer rates from N40P20K30 to N200(50+90+60), P80K150 the yield increased from 42,3 c/ha to 88,8 c/ha, or by 46,5 c/ha.

The increase in the mineral fertilizer rates application from N40P20K30 to N200(50+90+60)P80K150 provides the improved quality indices, namely the growth of grain nature from 741 g/l to 770 g/l (29 g/l), glass similarity rises from 68 % to 88 % (by 20 %), the weight of 1000 grains from 45,0 g to 53,8 g (by 8,8 g). The content of gluten in grain also undergone significant changes under the influence of fertilizers. In the first version, it was 23,1 %, and during the maximum application of fertilizer rates it increased to 31,0 %, i.e. by 7,9 %. The largest increase of gluten (4,0 %) was in the third variant compared to the second, which can be explained by the late application of nitrogen into the phase of earing.

The content of protein in grain is the smallest in the variant with the application of N40Р20К30. With the application of N120(40+40+40), P60K90 the protein content increases to 13,2 %, or 1,4 % compared to control. The highest protein content (14,1 %) was in grain grown on a background of N200(50+90+60)P80K150.

Key words

winter wheat, fertilizers rates, yield, quality

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