The effectiveness of hybridization method in breeding Triticum aestivum L. under conditions of the V.M. Remeslo Myronivka Institute of Wheat of NAAS of Ukraine

new site

This site is no longer updated!
The new website of the magazine is located at https://visnyk.lnup.edu.ua/

 

Visnyk LNAU: Agronomy 2020 №24: 154-158

Determination of the most adaptive varieties of winter wheat of different breeding centers in the Northern Steppe of Ukraine

Demydov O., Doctor of Agricultural Sciences
ORCID ID: 0000-0002-5715-2908
Kyrylenko V., Doctor of Agricultural Sciences
ORCID ID: 0000-0002-8096-4488
Humeniuk O., Candidate of Agricultural Sciences
ORCID ID: 0000-0002-1147-088X
Kochmarskyi V., Doctor of Agricultural Sciences
ORCID ID: 0000-0002-1990-1808
Blyzniuk B., Postgraduate student
ORCID ID: 0000-0001-7462-886Х
V.M. Remeslo Myronivka Institute of Wheat
of the National Academy of Agrarian Sciences of Ukraine

https://doi.org/10.31734/agronomy2020.01.154

Annotation

In this article the efficiency of method of winter wheat hybridization is investigated, series of different types of crosses is analyzed. When creating new hybrid combinations, the varieties and lines of domestic breeding prevailed to be involved in hybridization with valuable sources of traits of different geographical origin. On the basis of cross combinations in a number of successive generations of hybrids, there were tracked the results of selection of valuable forms depending on the types of crossings that have become competitive varieties in Ukraine.

When creating a new adapted source material of winter wheat, preference was given to pair crossings – A / B (2567 cases or 67.0%) with variation through the years of 37.0 % to 100 %. The percentage of complex crosses averages 33.0 % with variation over the years in the range of 0–63.0 % of the total number of crossings. According to the research, the use of varieties from Hungary, France, Germany, England, China in complex crosses resulted in formation of new genotypes in different years with various plant height (60–115 cm), various spike length (8–15 cm), grain number (50–90 ) and grains weight (1.5–3.2 g) per the main spike.

On average, over the years of competitive testing, about 76.1% of the lines are the product of complex crosses. The best ones there were found: Lutescens 37116 (Myronivska 64 / Lutescens 50713 (Myronivska 27 / NIKE)); Lutescens 36921 (Erythrospermum 53686 (Volhohradska 84 / Odeska 130 // Donskaya 85)) / Kryzhynka (Trudivnytsia Myronivska); Lutescens 37090 (Berehynia / Erysiphe graminis 134 / 2000) // Lutescens 30125; Erythrospermum 37038 (Ekspromt / Erythrospermum 52259 // Kolumbiia); Pamiati Remesla // (Lutescens 52239 / Lutescens 23449) et al. Thus, in terms of yield, only two lines (Lutescens 37350 and Lutescens 36642) are at the level of the standard variety Podolianka. The rest lines significantly exceeded the standard variety by 1.9 (Lutescens 37034) – 2.6 t/ha (Lutescens 37116). The lines differed slightly in plant height from Podolianka. In terms of gluten content, they were also at the standard level. However, all lines had significantly lower intensity of damage with Erysiphe graminis DС. f. sp. tritici Em. Marchal (E. graminis) and Puccinia recondita f. sp. tritici Rob. et Desm. (P. reconditа) as compared to the standard variety. As for resistance against Septoria tritici Rob. et Desm (S. tritici), they were also better than the standard, except for the Lutescens 37116 line being at its level (10 %).

Key words

bread winter wheat, hybridization, source material, varieties, selection value

Full text

pdf

Link

  1. Bazalii V. V., Larchenko O. V., Lavrynenko Yu. O., Bazalii H. H. Adaptive potential of soft winter wheat varieties depending on the conditions of growing. Factors in Experimental Evolution of Organisms: The Bulletin of Vavilov Society of Geneticists and Breeders of Ukraine, dedicated to the 200th birthday anniversary of the Ch. R. Darvin, the 125th birthday anniversary of the I. I. Shmalhauzen. Кyiv: Logos, 2009. Vol. 6. P. 215–218. [in Ukrainian]
  2. Dragavtsev V. A., Rahman Md. M. Problems of forecasting heterosis in quantitative genetics. Biometrics in Plant Breeding: 7th Meeting of the EUCARPIA Section Biometrics in Plant Breeding, August 2nd-5th, 1988, The Norwegian State Agricultural Research Stations. Norway, 1988. P. 126–130.
  3. Dziubenko N. I. (2008). Management and use of the adaptive potential of cereals. Scientific-Technical Bulletin of the V.M. Remeslo Myronivka Institute of Wheat of theUAAN. 2008. Issue 8. P. 59–74. [in Russian]
  4. Kochmarskyi V. S. Creation of basic material and varieties of bread winter wheat for increased adaptability for the Forest-steppe of Ukraine: Extended abstract of Doctor’s thesis. Dnipropetrovsk, 2013. 36 p. [in Ukrainian]
  5. Kochmarskyi V. S., Kolomiiets L. A., Kyrylenko V. V. Winter wheat breeding at the V.M. Remeslo Myronivka Institute of Wheat of NAAS. News of Agrarian Sciences. 2012. N 12. P. 51–54. [in Ukrainian]
  6. Kolomiiets L. A., Kyrylenko V. V., Vlasenko V. A. The efficiency of using complex crossings in winter wheat breeding for adaptability. Collected Scientific Papers of Plant Breeding and Genetics Institute – National Center of Seed and Cultivar Investigation. 2004. Issue 6(46). P. 32–44. [in Ukrainian]
  7. Kyrylenko V. V. Methods of creating the source material of winter wheat resistant to unfavorable environmental factors of Forest-Steppe of Ukraine: Extended abstract of Doctor’s thesis. Dnipro, 2016. 41 p. [in Ukrainian]
  8. Lytvynenko M. A. Realization of genetic potential. Problems of productivity and grain quality of modern varieties of winter wheat. Seed Production. 2010. N 8. P. 1–6. [in Ukrainian].
  9. Morhun V. V., Topchii T. V. The importance of resistant varieties of winter wheat, the study of sources and donors of resistance to pests and main pathogens. Plant Physiology and Genetics. 2018. Vol.50, N 3, P. 218–239. [in Ukrainian]. https://doi.org/10.15407/frg2018.03.218 
  10. Nitsenko V. S., Dvornikov I. A. (2015). Problems and directions of the competitiveness of grain producers improving. Market economy: modern management theory and practice. 2015. Vol. 14, Issue. 2 (30). P. 22–33. [in Ukrainian]
  11. Solodushko М. М. (2014). Yield and adaptive potential of modern varieties of soft winter wheat in the Northern Steppe conditions. Plant Varieties Studying and Protection. 2014. N 3(24). P. 61–66. [in Ukrainian] https://doi.org/10.21498/2518-1017.3(24).2014.56067 
титулка Агро