Evaluation of drought tolerance of winter bread wheat varieties of Myronivka breeding in the Central Forest-Steppe of Ukraine

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Visnyk LNAU: Agronomy 2020 №24: 141-146

Evaluation of drought tolerance of winter bread wheat varieties of Myronivka breeding in the Central Forest-Steppe of Ukraine

T. Yurchenko, Candidate of Agricultural Sciences
ORCID ID: 0000-0003-0164-4003
S. Pykalo, Candidate of Biological Sciences
ORCID ID: 0000-0002-3158-3830
O. Humeniuk, Candidate of Agricultural Sciences
ORCID ID: 0000-0002-1147-088X
A. Pirych, Candidate of Agricultural Sciences
ORCID ID: 0000-0003-2312-9774
V.M. Remeslo Myronivka Institute of Wheat
of the National Academy of Agrarian Sciences of Ukraine

https://doi.org/10.31734/agronomy2020.01.141

Annotation

To estimate the breeding value, 18 varieties of bread winter wheat of Myronivka breeding were investigated for drought tolerance in the conditions of the central part of the Forest-Steppe of Ukraine. The research also identified the sources of tolerance to water deficit. To study the presented varieties in terms of their drought response, the authors of the experiment used the index approach that is widely used by domestic and foreign scientists. The presented studies identified the following indicators, particularly the drought susceptibility index, tolerance index, average yield, yield stability index, yield index, stress tolerance index and average geometric yield.

The yield of varieties varied from 3.15 to 4.49 tons per hectare in the dry, and from 5.58 to 8.37 tons per hectare in the optimal years. The analysis of the obtained data showed that the average yield level in the dry year was by 3.23 tons per hectare lower than the optimal one. The analysis of the specimens in the extreme natural conditions, caused by drought, made it possible to identify some varieties with the increased tolerance to moisture deficiency, which were recommended for growing in arid regions. It was established that, among the studied samples, the Oberih Myronivskyi variety was of the highest breeding value, which according to the evaluation results stood out for all seven drought tolerance indices. The varieties like Trudivnytsia myronivska, MIP Valensiia, Hospodynia myronivska, MIP Dniprianka, Estafeta myronivska, Balada myronivska, MIP Assol and MIP Vyshyvanka were also characterized by relatively high drought tolerance, and were distinguished by four indicators. The highlighted genotypes are recommended as a source of breeding material when creating new varieties of wheat with valuable practical properties.

The results greatly contribute to the study of both theoretical and practical aspects of wheat drought tolerance and can be used as elements of the breeding programs. The current research results will contribute to the more efficient use of the tested varieties both in crop production and in breeding practice.

Key words

bread winter wheat, variety, yield, drought tolerance, indices, sources of drought tolerance

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