ALTERNATIVE FUELS IN CEMENT PRODUCTION: BENEFITS AND ENVIRONMENTAL PROBLEMS

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Visnyk LNAU: Architecture and Farm Building 2019 №20: 59-62

ALTERNATIVE FUELS IN CEMENT PRODUCTION: BENEFITS AND ENVIRONMENTAL PROBLEMS

Mazurak O., Candidate of Engineering Science
Kachmar N., Candidate of Agricultural Sciences
Mazurak R. graduate student
Lviv National Agrarian University

https://doi.org/10.31734/architecture2019.20.059

Annotation

The article considers potential opportunities of cement production in Ukraine, as well as peculiarities and environmental problems of the use of combustible waste as alternative fuels in Portland cement production. The necessity to study the technological conditions for thermal treatment of combustible waste in cement kilns, composition of alternative fuel, peculiarities of formation and emission of toxic dioxin emissions for the use of alternative fuels in the cement industry is substantiated in the work.

Solid alternative fuels can be of a single- or multi-component structure. For cement production, they use the fuel, produced on the base of combustible industrial and / or household waste with a constant quantitative and qualitative composition. Indicators of calorific value, humidity, ash content, chemical composition, measurements, content of toxic heavy metals, chlorine, etc. are mandatory. The waste fuel is suitable for energy use in rotary kilns to substitute a share of fossil fuels during the firing of cement clinker.

The technology of co-incinerating waste involves high temperature in a rotary kiln, long-term occupancy of fuel and raw materials in the kiln while integrating ash in the composition of clinker minerals. Those are the features of clinker cement production.

In order to reduce the amount of dioxins, it is necessary to exclude chlorine and its compounds of the industrial processes, as well as technologies that cause emissions of dioxins to the biosphere, even in the quantities of dozens of grams per year. Important factors in formation of toxic dioxins include high concentrations of them in raw materials and fuel (the material control that is loaded into the kiln), the burning conditions, which are lower than optimal ones, and maintenance of steady operation of the kiln.

Key words

dioxins, cement production, emission, waste, alternative fuels

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