The value of organic fertilizers in the system of extraction of poly culture in field crop rotation

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Visnyk LNAU: Agronomy 2019 №23: 184-190

The value of organic fertilizers in the system of extraction of poly culture in field crop rotation

Hospodarenko H., Doctor of Agricultural Sciences
ORCID ID: 0000-0002-6495-2647
Cherno O., Candidate of Agricultural Sciences
ORCID ID: 0000-0001-5021-9340
Cherednyk A., Postgraduate
ORCID ID: 0000-0001-5728-1665
Uman National University of Horticulture

https://doi.org/10.31734/agronomy2019.01.184

Annotation

The article is devoted to the study of the efficiency of application of semi-perforated cattle manure under field crop rotation cultures. Efficiency of organic fertilizers is shown for different doses, both individually and in combination with mineral fertilizers. It has been established that cultures of field crop rotation reacted in different ways on fertilizer doses, fertilizing systems and precursors. The yield of winter wheat was more dependent on predecessors and fertilizer doses than fertilizing systems. Regardless of predecessors in areas where fertilizers were not introduced, it was 1,38–1,93 t/h lower than in fertilized areas. For medium and high doses of fertilizers, the organic fertilizing system was slightly inferior to other fertilizing systems, and for low fertilizer doses yields were almost identical. For winter wheat, the worst predecessor was corn on silage, whose yield was lower by 1,00–1,38 (predecessor clover) and by 1,21–1,23 t/h (predecessor peas). Application of fertilizers in crop rotation contributed to the increase in the yield of peas at 0,56–1,10 t/h. Organic mineral fertilizing system was found to be better for corn and spring barley, where the increase in control depending on fertilizer doses was 34–71 % and 47–57 %, accordingly. A similar pattern was observed in corn silage.

It was established that the yield of sugar beetroot depended on the predecessor, fertilizer doses and fertilizing systems. Organic mineral system provided a higher growth rate of root crop yields and, at its third level, amounted to 53,3 t/h. Depending on the level of crop rotation and fertilizer doses, the growth of root crops was: with clover – 11,4–19,8 t/h, corn on silage – 10,2–20,1 t/h.

It was established that the highest productivity of crop rotation (6,80–7,22 tons of units/h) provided by organic mineral fertilizing system with an average annual application of 9–13,5 t/h manure in combination with mineral fertilizers, which in total N90-135Р90-135Р90-135 per 1 hectare of crop rotational area.

Key words

field crop rotation, organic fertilizers, mineral fertilizers, chernozem podzolized, crop yields

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