Multiple disease resistance in intergeneric hybrids

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Visnyk LNAU: Agronomy 2019 №23: 173-176

Multiple disease resistance in intergeneric hybrids

George Fedak,
Dawn Chi,
Ottawa Research and Development Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Ottawa, ON. K1A 0C6, Canada

Colin Hiebert,
Tom Fetch,
Brent McCallum,
Morden Research and Development Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Morden MB. R6M 1Y5, Canada

Allen Xue,
Wenguang Cao
Ottawa Research and Development Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Ottawa, ON. K1A 0C6, Canada

https://doi.org/10.31734/agronomy2019.01.173

Annotation

Derivatives from four species from the secondary gene pool of wheat, one diploid (T. monococcum) two tetraploid (T. carthlicum; T. timopheevi) and one hexaploid (T. miguschovae), were screened for resistance to Fusarium head blight, leaf rust, stem rust, and stripe rust. Where screening, genetic studies and mapping has been completed it was shown that all species carry resistance to multiple plant diseases. Some derived lines carry resistance for up to 4 different diseases. Where mapping has been completed it was shown that different diseases map to different chromosomes within any one accession.

This study shows that of the four genotypes studied, all had resistance to 4-5 different diseases. In most cases the resistance factors mapped to different chromosomes. The multiple disease resistance is becoming a fairly common phenomenon. For example, we have produced a total of thirty synthetic hexaploids employing a wide variety of T. turgidum and T. tauschii parents. Resistance to stem rust, leaf rust, stripe rust, and mildew was detected in the various genotypes with two of them showing resistance to all four diseases. Another example from our laboratory is that of two combinations of partial amphiploids involving T. turgidum and Th. intermedium (2n = 42, genome formula AABBEE) that had resistance to leaf rust, stem rust, and Fusarium head blight.

The above are examples taken from studies in our laboratories. The same phenomenon has been observed in other laboratories around the world.

These observations extend the principal that the secondary and tertiary genepools of wheat are excellent sources of variability for most diseases. In our studies we usually focus on one disease at a time. The lessons from the above examples are that screening for multiple diseases should be carried out. Discovery of multiple disease resistance should make the molecular mapping process more efficient.

Key words

intergeneric hybrids, wheat, disease resistance, fusarium, leaf rust, stem rust

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